直流高壓耐壓試驗裝(zhuang)置操作步驟

電(dian)(dian)力設(she)(she)備(bei)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)預(yu)防性試驗(yan)(yan)包(bao)含了交流(liu)(liu)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)和直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)。由(you)于在(zai)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)和交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)作(zuo)用(yong)下，設(she)(she)備(bei)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)布不同(tong)，因而直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)在(zai)某(mou)些交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)較(jiao)難(nan)實(shi)現的(de)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)強度測試方(fang)面發(fa)揮了重要(yao)(yao)作(zuo)用(yong)，成為交流(liu)(liu)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)有(you)效補充(chong)。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)發(fa)生器(qi)(qi)是(shi)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)設(she)(she)備(bei).為保證直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)試驗(yan)(yan)的(de)準(zhun)(zhun)確可靠.直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)發(fa)生器(qi)(qi)需要(yao)(yao)進行定期量(liang)值校準(zhun)(zhun)。本文基(ji)(ji)于直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)發(fa)生器(qi)(qi)的(de)基(ji)(ji)本原理(li)，對這類設(she)(she)備(bei)實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)室計量(liang)校準(zhun)(zhun)中發(fa)現的(de)若(ruo)干問題進行了較(jiao)為詳盡的(de)探討，從而保證了量(liang)值傳遞(di)的(de)準(zhun)(zhun)確可靠。

直流高壓(ya)耐壓(ya)試(shi)驗裝置操作(zuo)步(bu)驟

⑴在做負載試驗(yan)前，將(jiang)高(gao)壓(ya)屏蔽(bi)微(wei)安表(biao)安裝到(dao)倍(bei)壓(ya)筒上的(de)高(gao)壓(ya)輸出端上，并將(jiang)配套的(de)高(gao)壓(ya)線(xian)分別接(jie)到(dao)微(wei)安表(biao)上和(he)被試品上。

⑵檢(jian)(jian)查儀器、放電(dian)棒、倍壓筒、試品聯(lian)接線、接地(di)線是否(fou)(fou)正確，接地(di)線聯(lian)接是否(fou)(fou)可靠，檢(jian)(jian)查高壓安(an)全距離是否(fou)(fou)符合要求，方可開始進行試品的高壓試驗。

⑶直流高壓發生器檢查確認儀器等(deng)無(wu)異常(chang)情況后，接通單相(xiang)交流220V電(dian)源開關，此時綠燈(deng)亮，表示電(dian)源接通。可開始進行試(shi)(shi)品的直流泄(xie)漏(lou)和直流耐壓試(shi)(shi)驗。

⑷按(an)紅色(se)按(an)鈕，則紅燈亮，表(biao)示高壓接通，待升高壓。

⑸順時針方向平緩調(diao)節調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)位器(qi),輸(shu)出端即從零(ling)開始升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)速度以(yi)每秒3-5kV上升(sheng)(sheng)試(shi)驗電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)宜(yi)。對于大(da)電(dian)(dian)容試(shi)品升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時則需要緩慢升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，否則可能(neng)導(dao)致電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)(guo)沖,還需監(jian)視電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)表充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)發(fa)生器(qi)的大(da)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。當升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)所需的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)后，按規定時間記錄(lu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)表及電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表的讀數。

⑹試驗完畢(bi)后，降壓(ya)，將調壓(ya)電位器回零后，隨后按綠色按鈕，切斷高壓(ya)并(bing)關(guan)閉電源(yuan)開關(guan)。

⑺試(shi)驗完(wan)畢(bi)后，應(ying)(ying)用放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)棒對(dui)(dui)(dui)試(shi)品(pin)進行多次放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后方可靠近試(shi)品(pin)和(he)拆線(xian)工作。對(dui)(dui)(dui)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)容試(shi)品(pin)如(ru)氧化鋅避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、磁吹(chui)避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)等緩(huan)緩(huan)調(diao)節調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)(qi)(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)到(dao)(dao)所需(xu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu))值，然(ran)后從(cong)數(shu)顯表(biao)上讀出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu))數(shu)值。如(ru)需(xu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)氧化鋅避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)進行75%VDC-1mA的(de)(de)測量時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)先升(sheng)(sheng)到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)到(dao)(dao)1000uA時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值停(ting)止(這時(shi)可記錄電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)值)，然(ran)后按(an)下(xia)黃色(se)按(an)鈕,電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)即降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)原來(lai)的(de)(de)75%,并保持(chi)此(ci)狀態(tai)。此(ci)時(shi)可讀取微安表(biao)數(shu)值及電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值。測量完(wan)畢(bi)后,調(diao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)(qi)(qi)逆時(shi)針(zhen)回到(dao)(dao)零位,按(an)下(xia)綠(lv)色(se)按(an)鈕,需(xu)再次升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi)按(an)紅色(se)按(an)鈕即可。對(dui)(dui)(dui)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容試(shi)品(pin)時(shi)，升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)應(ying)(ying)更要(yao)(yao)緩(huan)慢(man)，并需(xu)要(yao)(yao)監視電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)表(biao)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)不超過發生(sheng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)大(da)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，一定(ding)要(yao)(yao)放(fang)慢(man)升(sheng)(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)速(su)度,避免充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)過大(da)。試(shi)驗完(wan)畢(bi)后，將電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)(qi)(qi)逆時(shi)針(zhen)回到(dao)(dao)零位上，隨(sui)后按(an)綠(lv)色(se)按(an)鈕，切斷高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，此(ci)時(shi)先不要(yao)(yao)關閉(bi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)表(biao)顯示還(huan)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值，此(ci)為存電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，等電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)到(dao)(dao)2000V左(zuo)右,方可用放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)棒進行多次放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，確保安全。